Systems Analysis of Value Chain of Human Capital and Its Management Process

The maintenance and gain of enterprise value have something to do with human capital. Human capital impels the realization of enterprise value through their inter-relationship, depending on given organization environment. This article systemically analyses tier value chain, paratactic value chain and network value chain, which are formed in the course of the creating value by human capital, then educes the adjustors of the management and forms according to the environment.     

As the world gets smaller, the chances of invasion grow

Summary While the issue of invasive alien species has important biological components, economic factors such as global trade deserve much greater attention for several reasons. First, virtually all of our planet’s ecosystems have a strong and increasing anthropogenic component that is being fed by increasing globalisation of the economy. Second, people are designing the kinds of ecosystems they find productive or congenial, incorporating species from all parts of the world through quicker and more efficient means of transportation. And third, growing travel and trade, coupled with weakening customs and quarantine controls, mean that people are both intentionally and inadvertently introducing alien species that may become invasive. The great increase in the introduction of alien species that people are importing for economic, aesthetic, accidental, or even psychological reasons is leading to more species invading native ecosystems, with disastrous results: they become invasive alien species (IAS) that have significant deleterious effects on both ecosystems and economies. This paper examines some of the important non-biological dimensions of the IAS problem, including historical, economic, cultural, linguistic, health, sociological, management, legal, military, ethical, and political dimensions. These are addressed in terms of the causes, consequences, and responses to the problem of IAS. These dimensions of IAS are fundamental, and successfully addressing the problem will call for greater collaboration between different economic sectors and among a wide range of disciplines. The Convention on Biological Diversity, the negotiations of the World Trade Organisation, and many other international agreements offer important opportunities for addressing the complex global problems of IAS through improved international cooperation.     

An Evaluating Method of Human Resource Value Based on Rough Set

As the development of knowledge economic , human resource has been the core of the world economic .So searching the reasonable evaluating and managing methods becomes one of the hot issues which have been concerned by people . Traditional evaluating methods of human resource are simple and direct , but they greatly depend on people's subjective judgement and experience . In order to overcome the default , this paper puts forward the method of synthetically evaluation on rough sets, which takes advantage of the rough sets theory, the concept of information entropy and relative analysis to filter the original indexes, then to standardize the importance degree of every index and get the weight of every index. Synthetically valuation model and corresponding arithmetic are summed up. Finally the sample illuminates the validity and feasibility of this method.     

基于干扰度的迁西县生态环境分区

生态环境干扰度分区可指导和调节人类活动干扰的强度和方式 ,有利于合理开发资源和保护生态环境。以河北省迁西县为例 ,提出了选取生态环境干扰度指标因子的原则 ,进行了干扰度指标因子的分级及赋值 ,并应用灰色关联度分析确定指标因子的权重。经过综合评判 ,把迁西县生态环境划分为中度干扰区和轻度干扰区 ,并进一步细化为中 1干扰区、中 2干扰区、中 3干扰区、轻 1干扰区和轻 2干扰区。针对各干扰区的特点 ,提出了相应的调整人类活动强度和方式的对策     

不同人为干扰尺度对米槠群落外貌特征影响研究

从群落外貌探讨不同人为干扰尺度对福建武平米槠林的影响。结果表明:随着人为干扰尺度(CK对照、A级择伐更新、B级天然更新、C级人工促进天然更新和D级杉木林)的加大藤本植物、地面芽植物、地上芽植物、中型叶、草质叶、复叶和落叶的种类逐渐上升或呈“S”型上升,而高芽位植物、小型叶、革质叶、全缘叶、单叶和常绿的种类逐渐下降或呈“S”下降;CK、A级、B级和C级的外貌是由革质、单叶、小型叶为主的常绿高位芽植物所决定的,而D级由草质、单叶、中型叶为主的常绿高位芽植物所决定的。     

人肥胖基因在大肠杆菌中的表达及生物学活性检测

肥胖基因(ob)编码的瘦蛋白可以反映机体脂肪含量信息,在发育、繁殖、造血及体重调节等方面具有重要功能。利用PCR方法扩增去除信号肽的人肥胖基因cDNA序列,并将位于基因5!端的CCC转变为大肠杆菌(Escherichiacoli)常用密码子CCG,扩增片段经测序证实后,克隆到原核表达载体pET5a,重组质粒转化大肠杆菌BL21(DE3),经0.1mmol/LIPTG诱导,获得分子量约为16kD的特异蛋白表达带,表达量最高占菌体蛋白总含量的55%。重组蛋白纯化后,注射昆明白小白鼠,小白鼠体重明显下降,说明纯化的重组蛋白具有生物学活性。     

基于遥感生态指数的焦作市生态环境动态监测与评价

[目的] 探究河南省焦作市其近20 a来生态环境质量演化特征，可为该市及其他资源枯竭型城市生态建设提供科学参考。[方法] 选取2000，2006，2009，2014和2019年5期Landsat影像数据，耦合绿度、湿度、温度及干度4个指标，通过主成分分析法建立遥感生态指数（RSEI）评价模型，对焦作市生态环境质量进行定量评价。[结果] ①2000-2014年，焦作市生态环境质量为倒"U"形曲线，2014-2019年生态环境质量好转；②城镇人口占比增幅变缓及产业结构由第二产业向第三产业转变改善了焦作市生态环境质量；③回归分析中所选4个指标中对焦作市生态环境变化影响的重要程度表现为：干度 > 湿度 > 绿度 > 热度。[结论] 遥感生态指数对资源枯竭型城市生态环境质量可进行有效监测与评价。     

Moderate sheep grazing in semiarid shrubland alters small-scale soil surface structure and patch properties

We investigated whether long-term moderate livestock grazing by sheep (ca. 10 animal unit days/ha) in a semiarid shrubland with a long-term average annual rainfall of 200 mm causes changes in soil surface structure and dimensions of shrub and intershrub patches. We examined grazing-induced changes in landscape patchiness, patch structure, and soil moisture in three grazed and three ungrazed plots of 4 m × 4 m on a south-facing slope and the opposite, more productive north-facing slope. The measurements were done in early spring 2001 and 2002 before grazing started, in two surveys, one using two parallel transects and one using sample quadrats of 20 cm × 30 cm under three shrubs per plot and on an adjacent part of the intershrub matrix. On the north-facing slope, the sheep reduced shrub patch size as they trampled the soil mounds under the shrubs and browsed the shrub canopy. Reduced shrub patch size decreases the area and resources available for plant production. On the south-facing slope, the sheep mainly disrupted the soil crust in the intershrub area. This may increase soil erosion, but also seedling establishment. The contrast in impacts on the two slopes is due to the interaction between environment (productivity, exposure and vegetation) and sheep behavior (herbivory and trampling). On both slopes, the changes due to grazing are significant, though small. Changes in patch size and properties induced by moderate grazing can have positive and negative effects on productivity and diversity, but may also be viewed as early signs of landscape degradation as is often caused by heavy grazing.     

The impact of urban development and human disturbance on the numbers of nightjar Caprimulgus europaeus on heathlands in Dorset, England

The factors influencing the number of nightjars on 36 heathland sites (referred to as patches) in Dorset, England were examined using novel spatial integration of existing datasets. Surrogate measures of human density and settlement, including the amount of developed land at different distances from the heath (obtained from aerial photographs) and the actual number of buildings (obtained from Post Code databases) were all found to be highly correlated with each other and to show a strong negative relationship with the density of nightjars present on a patch, regardless of patch size. The amount of woodland (the preferred foraging habitat) surrounding each patch (within 500 m of the patch boundary) was also a significant predictor of nightjar numbers. When used together, the extent of woodland and developed land both gave significant improvements to predictions of nightjar density. The results indicate that the number of nightjars present on a heathland patch is influenced by the surrounding land-use and that the effect of urban development is more than just habitat loss. We suggest that trends identified are at least partly due to actual human presence on the heathlands and as such, human disturbance is potentially a problem for this species.     

不同干扰方式对东北山地沼泽土壤肥力的影响

 通过样地法对小浪底水库库区山地生态系统不同群落间的Shannon-Wiener指数(H′)、Simpson指数(D1)、Margalef物种丰富度(D2)、种间相遇概率(P)和Pielou均匀度指数(Jsw)等多样性指数进行研究,利用统计方法分析不同群落的物种多样性指数与其所处环境的关系。结果表明:1)物种多样性指数和丰富度指数与群落类型有密切关系,同一类型的群落中,多样性指数随演替时间表现出复杂的关系;2)土壤含水量对H′、P、Jsw、D1等呈极显著的正相关性,土壤厚度与H′、D1、P呈显著正相关性;多样性指数与坡度无相关性;土壤有机质、速效氮、速效磷等养分指标与多样性指数H′、D1有显著的正相关;3)多样性指数H′与乔木、灌木群落生物量表现为正相关关系,草本群落与D1相关性不显著;4)乔木林群落的恢复时间与Jsw、H′呈正相关关系,其余多样性指数(P、D1、D2)与恢复时间关系不显著(P>0.05);恢复时间每增加10a,群落物种数平均增加约6种;5)物种多样性指数H′与灌木的盖度和高度呈极显著正相关性;有些单优群落随高度增加和盖度提高,多样性指数反而表现出降低;6)草本植物群落的高度和盖度与物种丰富度指数D2与呈显著的负相关关系,与H′相关性不显著。